Manifesto
scientists antiracist 2008
I. The human races do not exist .
The existence of the human race-it is an abstraction derived from a misinterpretation of small physical differences between people, which our senses perceive, wrongly associated differences in "psychological" and you, based on interpretations of ancient prejudices. These abstract subdivisions, based on the idea that humans form groups and inherited biologically distinct, they are pure inventions always used to arbitrarily classify men and women in "im-prove" and "worst" and then discriminate against them (always the most weak), after being pointed out as the key to all evil in times of crisis.
II. Humanity is not made of large and small breeds.
investment there is, first of all, a network of people connected. It is true that human beings are aggregated into groups of individuals, local communities, ethnic groups, nations, civilizations, but this does not happen as they have the same genes but because they share stories, ideas and religions, customs and behaviors, arts and life styles, or cultures. The combinations are never stable yields of DNA identical to the con-trary, are subject to profound changes in history: they form, evolve, mix, break up and dissolve at a speed incompatible with the time required by processes of genetic selection.
III. In humans the concept of race has no significant biological market.
analysis of human DNA has shown that genetic variability in our species, as well as less than that of Our cousins \u200b\u200bchimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans, it is ta-especially differences between people of the same population, while the differences between populations and between different continents are small. The genes of two individuals of the same population are on average only slightly more similar to each other than those of people living in different continents. Precisely because of these small differences between populations, even racist scientists were never able to determine by how many races has made our species, and have produced estimates ranging between two and two hundred races.
IV. It is well established that the character most false and pernicious built the Nazi myth of identification with the "Aryan race", coinciding with the image of a warlike people, vin-Citorio, "pure" and "noble", with much of Europe, In-dia and Central Asia as a country and a language In theory underlying the Indo-European languages. Historical standpoint it is extremely difficult to identify the Aryans or Aryan as a little-pole, and the concept of Indo-European language family comes from a conventional classification. Archaeological evidence in modern-say, on the contrary, that Europe was populated in the Paleolithic from a population of African origin from which all descend, which overlapped in the Neolithic evidence-nothing other immigrants from the Middle East. The origin of the Italians back to the same current African and Middle Eastern immigrants who continue to form the fabric of Europe live forever. Despite the dram-matic originality of fascist racism, we must also identify Nazi ally of the Italians with "Aryans."
V. It is a legend that the sixty million Italians of today are descended from families who live in Italy for at least a millennium.
Romans have built their empire in the world-people of different backgrounds and giving them the status of Roman cives. The phenomena of cultural crossbreeding and social, that characterized the entire history of the peninsula, and attended by not only local people but also Greeks, Phoenicians, Jews, Africans, Hispanics, as well as so-called "barbarians", have not produced the hybrid-called Italian culture . For centuries the Italians, although scattered throughout the world and divided into small states in Italy, continued to identify and be identified with this complex and varied culture, humanities and science.
VI. There is an Italian race but there is a population Italian.
Italy as a nation it is unified only in 1860 and, even now-ra millions of Italians emigrated in the past and often concentrated in urban districts of foreigners, say they are and such. One of our greatest treasures, is to have stirred many peoples and cultures have exchanged their own "incrocian-Doci" physically and culturally. Attributed to a inesisten-yourself "purity of blood", the "nobility" of the "Nation" means reducing the homogeneity of a supposed biological component and the inhabitants of the Italian territory, a legacy of one thousand-nario and extended cultures.
VII. Racism is both homicidal and suicidal.
these empires are now due to the coexistence of different peoples and cultures, but they are suddenly collapsed when they are fragmented. So it happened and happens in the nation with civil war and when, to stem crisis, minorities were taken as scapegoats. Racism is because suicide affects not only those belonging to different people but the same people who practice it. The trend indiscriminate hatred that fuels it, extends to every ideal infection any external or alien re-compared to a more narrow definition of "normal." It affects those who are "out of line", the "mad", the "poor in spirit", gays and lesbians, poets, artists, writers alter-natives, all those which are not approved for human types-standard and that they actually allow humanity to constantly change and thus of living. Any living system is that, in fact, only is capable of changing human beings and we cam-BIAM with fewer genes and more with the inventions of our "benevolent disordered" brains.
VIII. Racism discrimination, denies links, de-glimpsed threats thoughts and behaviors.
For the defenders of the Italian race appears as a frightening threat to Africa and the Mediterranean is the sea at the same time if para-and unites. That is the claim that racism does not exist a "common Mediterranean race." To push further back the Africa's racist scientists erect a barrier against "Semitic" and "ca-myths", which can more easily get in touch. The sci-tion has made it clear that there is no clear genetic distinction between the Mediterranean Europe (Western) on one side of the east and the other Africans. Have been absolutely proven, from the point of view from the paleontological and genetic theories that support the African origin of the peoples of the earth and understanding the gift them all in one race.
IX. Italian Jews are both Jewish and Italian.
Jews, like all migrant populations (migrant is no free will but many are needed) are scattered around the world and have been part of different cultures while simultaneously maintaining their own identity as a people and religion. So it happened for example with the Armenians, with the same Italian immigrants, and so is going with migrants Time: African-fi Lippini, Chinese, Arabs of different countries, peoples belonging to Eastern European or South America, etc.. All these people have had the painful necessity of having to migrate but also lucky, at best, to get rich by joining their culture to that of the host, enriching them too, without canceling, when And it is possible-to, neither the one nor the other.
X. The racist ideology is based on fear of "alteration-in" of their race and yet be "bastards" is good.
is therefore quite blind to the fact that many companies recognized that getting married outside scone, even with your enemies is good, be-cause they know that alliances are more valuable barriers. Moreover in humans alter the physical characteristics as a result of living conditions for selection and psychological characteristics of individuals and peoples are not written in their genes. The "hybrid" cultural and the foundation of hope for progress that stems from the constitution of the European Union. An Italy of racism that is fragmented into "races" separate as the former Yugoslavia would be devastated and devastating now and in the fu-ro. The consequences of racism are indeed momentous: mean loss of culture and plasticity, murder and suicide, Fragmentation and collapse can not be controlled because it originated from the cleaned-sa indiscriminate for anyone considering "other than us."
Enrico Alleva, Professor of Ethology, Institute of Health, Rome
Guido Barbujani, professor of population genetics, University of Ferrara Marcello
Buiatti, Professor of Genetics, University of Florence
Gagliasso Elena, Professor of Philosophy and Science of living, La Sapienza, Rome
Rita Levi Montalcini, a neurobiologist, Nobel Prize for Medicine
Massimo Livi Bacci, Professor of Demography, University of Florence
Alberto Piazza, Professor of Human Genetics, University of Turin
Pirella Augustine, Psychiatrist, co-founder of Democratic Psychiatry, Turin
Remotti Francis, Professor of Cultural Anthropology, University of Turin
Philip Temple, Professor of Physiology, University of Turin
Flavia Zucco, President of Women and Science, CNR, Rome
